List of mobile network operators of the Middle East and Africa

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This is a list of mobile network operators of the Middle East and Africa.

Algeria[edit]

In Q3 of 2023, the penetration rate was estimated at 114.42% over a population estimate of 44.20 million.[1]

The telecom regulator in Algeria is Autorité de Régulation de la Poste et des Télécommunications (ARPT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Mobilis GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+
1800 MHz LTE		 22.1 (Q3 2023)[1] Algérie Télécom
2 Djezzy GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+
1800 MHz LTE		 15.6 (Q3 2023)[1] State-owned (51%), Global Telecom Holding (VEON) (49%)[2]
3 Ooredoo
(formerly Nedjma)		 GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+
1800 MHz LTE		 12.9 (Q3 2023)[1] Ooredoo (74.4%)

Angola[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 63.7% over a population estimate of 13.3 million.[3]

The telecom regulator in Angola is Instituto Angolano das Comunicações (INACOM).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Unitel GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA
2100 MHz LTE		 7 (November 2011)[4] Mercury (Sonangol group) (25%), Group GENI (25%),
Vidatel (25%), Portugal Telecom (25%)[5]
2 Movicel GSM (GPRS, EDGE)
900 MHz UMTS, HSDPA
1800 MHz LTE		 2.5 (September 2010)[5] Government (Angola Telecom) (18%), Correios Telegrafos de Angola (2%),
Porturil (40%), Modus Comicare (19%), Ipang (10%), Lambda (6%)
3 Africell 5 (September 2022)[6] Africell Group

Bahrain[edit]

At the end of 2011 the penetration rate was estimated at 133% over a population estimate of 1.27 million.[7]

The telecom regulator in Bahrain is Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Bahrain (TRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Batelco GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
1800 MHz LTE		 0.738[8] (Dec 2011) Bahrain Telecommunications Company
2 Zain
(formerly MTC-Vodafone)		 GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA
1800 MHz LTE
WiMAX		 0.787 (Sep 2014)[9] Zain Group (56.25%)
3 stc GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
1800 MHz LTE		 Not Yet Available STC

Benin[edit]

In December 2015, the penetration rate was estimated at 90.33%[10] (in 2014, the population was estimated as 10.33 millions[11]).

The telecom regulator in Benin is Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques et de la poste (ARCEP Benin).[12]

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN GSM-900/1800 MHz

UMTS, DC-HSPA+ LTE

4.3[10] (Dec 2015) MTN (75%)
2 Moov GSM-900 MHz
UMTS, DC-HSPA+

LTE

3.3[10] (Dec 2015) Etisalat
3 Glo GSM-900/1800 MHz 1.7[10] (Dec 2015) Globacom
4 Libercom GSM-900 MHz 0.056[10] (Dec 2015) Benin Telecom
- BBcom GSM-900/1800 MHz ND[10][13] (Dec 2015) Bell Benin Communications

Botswana[edit]

In March 2015 the penetration rate was 167% over a population estimate of 2.05 millions.[14]

The telecom regulator in Botswana is Botswana Communications Regulatory Authority (BOCRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Mascom GSM-900
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+

LTE

1.7[14] (March 2015) Mascom, MTN (53%)
2 Orange GSM-900
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA

LTE

1.1[14] (March 2015) Orange S.A. (69%), Mosokelatsebeng Cellular (local investors, 26%), local individuals (5%)
3 btc GSM-900/1800
UMTS		 0.52[14] (March 2015) BTC Botswana Telecommunications Corporation

Burkina Faso[edit]

In December 2011 the penetration rate was estimated at 36% over a population estimate of 16.7 million.[15]

The telecom regulator in Burkina Faso is Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques et des postes (ARCEP),[16] the current name of the former Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques (ARCE) and of the previous Autorité de régulation des télécommunications (ARTEL).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Orange GSM 900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+		 4.1 (2012) Orange[17]
2 Telmob (Onatel) CDMA2000, EVDO
GSM 900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+		 3.9 [18] (2012) Maroc Telecom (51%)
3 Telecel Faso GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 2 (2012) Planor Afrique

Burundi[edit]

In 2011 the penetration rate was estimated at 20% over a population estimate of 8 million.[19]

The telecom regulator in Burundi is Agence de Régulation et de Contrôle des Télécommunications (ARCT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Lumitel
(Viettel Burundi S.A.)		 GSM
UMTS
4G LTE		 3[20] (December 2020) Viettel Group (Vietnam)
2 Econet Leo
 CDMA
GSM-900/1800 MHz
2100 MHz UMTS

LTE

2.6[21] (July 2015) Econet Wireless
(purchased Leo from Vimpelcom)
3 ONAMOB GSM-900 MHz 0.140 (November 2008)[citation needed] Onatel (state owned)
4 Smart Mobile
(formerly Lacell)		 GSM-1800 MHz
UMTS		 Not Yet Available Smart Telecom

Cabo Verde[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 87.5% over a population estimate of 0.5 million.[22]

The telecom regulator in Cabo Verde is Agência Nacional de Comunicações (ANAC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 CV Móvel GSM-900/1800 MHz UMTS 0.355[23] (September 2009) Portugal Telecom (40%)
2 T-MAIS GSM-900/1800 MHz 0.047[24] (Q1 2010) T-Mais

Cameroon[edit]

In July 2011 the penetration rate was estimated at 43% over a population estimate of 19.7 million.[25]

The telecom regulator in Cameroon is Agence de Régulation des Télécommunications (ART).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN GSM-MHz 900

LTE

10.1 [26] (dec 2014) MTN Group (70%)
2 Orange GSM-900 MHz

LTE

6.2 [26] (dec 2014) Orange S.A.
3 Nexttel GSM-900/1800 MHz
UMTS		 2.0 [26] (May 2015) Viettel Global, Bestinver Cameroon S.A.R.L
4 Camtel GSM new licence in September 2014 Camtel (government)
5 YooMee WiMAX Not yet available YooMee

Central African Republic[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 17.2% over a population estimate of 4.9 million.[27]

The telecom regulator in Central African Republic is Agence de régulation des télécommunications (ART).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 telecel GSM-900 0.143[28] (December 2008) Orascom Telecom
2 Orange GSM-1800 (GPRS)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+		 0.189[29] (December 2009) Orange S.A.
3 azur GSM-900 0.158[30] (December 2008) Bintel
4 Moov Africa GSM-900 Not Yet Available Maroc Telecom

Chad[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 24.3% over a population estimate of 10.7 million.[31]

The telecom regulator in Chad is Office Tchadien de Régulation des Télécommunications (OTRT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Moov GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE. 3G HSPA Plus + 2100 MHz,4G LTE 10 MHz ) 1.257[32] (October 2010) Maroc Telecom
2 Airtel GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA

LTE

1.199 (June 2009) Bharti Airtel

Comoros[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 20.8% over a population estimate of 0.8 million.[33]

The telecom regulator in Comoros is Autorité Nationale de Régulation des TIC (ANRTIC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 HURI GSM-900

UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+ LTE

0.056 (2007)[34] government (Societe Nationale des Telecommunications)
2 Telma GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE. 3G HSPA Plus + 2100 MHz,4G LTE 10 MHz) - Telecom Madagascar

Congo[edit]

In Q4 2015 the penetration rate was estimated at 95.7%[35] over a population estimate of 4.6 million.

The telecom regulator in Congo is Agence de Régulation des postes et des Communications Electroniques (ARPCE).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN GSM-900 MHz
UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+

LTE

2.250[36] (Q4 2015) MTN
2 Airtel GSM-900 MHz
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+

LTE

1.851[36] (Q4 2015) Bharti Airtel (90%)
3 Azur GSM-900/1800 MHz 0.313[36] (Q4 2015) Bintel

Côte d'Ivoire[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 68.5% over a population estimate of 21.5 million.[37]

The telecom regulator in Côte d'Ivoire is Autorité de Régulation des Télécommunications/TIC de Côte d'Ivoire (ARTCI).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Orange GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+

LTE

13.531 (Sep 2017)[29] Orange S.A. (85%), Comafrique (15%)
2 MTN GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA

LTE

11.173 (Sep 2017)[38] MTN (64.7%), Planor (25.3%), Teylium group (10%)
3 Moov GSM (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+		 7.587 (Sep 2017)[24] Etisalat
4 Koz GSM-900/1800 2.500 (April 2010)[39] Comium (licence revoqued)[40]
5 GreenN GSM-900/1800 0.617 (Q1 2010)[citation needed] LAP Oricel (licence revoqued)[40]
- Warid GSM Not Yet Available Warid Telecom (licence revoqued)[40]
- Mobile Cafe GSM Not Yet Available Aircomm (licence revoqued)[40]
- YooMee TD-LTE Not Yet Available YooMee

Democratic Republic of the Congo[edit]

In 2016 the penetration rate was estimated at 50% over a population estimate of 80 million.

The telecom regulator in Democratic Republic of the Congo is Agence de Régulation de la Poste et des Télécommunications du Congo (ARPTC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Vodacom GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+
WiMAX		 13.766[41] (Mar 2014) Vodacom (51%), Congolese Wireless Network (49%)
2 Orange GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+		 10.674[42] (Q3 2015) Orange S.A.
3 Africell GSM
UMTS		 5.5 (Dec 2014) Africell Holding[43]
4 Airtel GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+		 5.0[44] (Aug 2012) Bharti Airtel (98.5%)
5 Supercell GSM-900 0.028 (covers Kivu only) [45]
6 SemaTel GSM not started Hits Telecom[46] (60%)
7 U-Com CDMA not started Global Vision Telecom (Telecel International)[47]
- Smile LTE launch expected in 2016 [48] Smile Communications (Al-Nahla Technology, Atheeb Trading Company, Capitalworks, Verene) [49]

Djibouti[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 14.88% over a population estimate of 0.75 million.[50]

The telecom regulator in Djibouti is Ministère de la Communication chargé des Postes et des Télécommunications (MCPT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Evatis GSM-900 MHz
UMTS, HSPA		 0.106 (Q1 2010)[citation needed] Djibouti Telecom (government)

Egypt[edit]

Egypt has 99 million mobile users as of December 2017, government figures showed.[51]

The telecom regulator in Egypt is National Telecom Regulatory Authority (NTRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Vodafone Egypt GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+
LTE 		45.083[52] (Nov 2022) Vodafone Group plc (55%), Telecom Egypt (45%)
2 Orange
(formerly Mobinil)		 GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+
LTE 		27.601[51] (July 2020) Orange S.A. (99.39%), free float (0.61%)
3 Etisalat GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+
LTE 		26.0[51] (July 2020) Etisalat (76%), Egypt Post (20%), Other Investors (4%)
4 We (by Telecom Egypt) GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+

LTE

1.6 (December 2017) Egyptian government (80%), free float (20%)

Equatorial Guinea[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 74% over a population estimate of 0.6 million.[53]

The telecom regulator in Equatorial Guinea is Órgano Regulador de las Telecomunicaciones Telecommunications Regulatory Agency (ORTEL).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Orange GSM-900 MHz 0.333[29] (Dec 2009) Orange S.A. (40%), Equatorial Guinea state (60%)
2 Muni GSM-900/1800 MHz UMTS 0.150 (September 2013)[citation needed] Green-com S.A. (Hits Africa)
3 Gecomsa not yet available
(created in 2012)		 Equatorial Guinea state (51%), China state (49%)

Eritrea[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 3.4% over a population estimate of 5.9 million.[54]

The telecom regulator in Eritrea is Eritrean Communications Regulatory Authority (ECRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Eritel GSM-900 MHz (GPRS) Not Yet Available Eritrea Telecommunications Services Corporation

Ethiopia[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 4.6% over a population estimate of 90.8 million.[55]

The telecom regulator in Ethiopia is Ministry of Communication and Information Technology (MCIT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Ethiotelecom GSM 900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+

LTE

26.2[56] Ethiopian Telecommunications Corporation
2 Safaricom Telecommunications Ethiopia 2G, 3G, 4G Safaricom (55.7%)|Sumitomo Corporation (27.20%)|British International Investment (10.9%)|Vodacom (6.20%)

Gabon[edit]

In June 2018 the penetration rate was estimated to at almost 157%.[57]

The telecom regulator in Gabon is Autorité de Régulation des communications Electroniques et des Postes (ARCEP) https://www.arcep.ga.

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Airtel
(formerly Celtel, Zain)		 GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+

LTE

1.181 (June 2018)[57] Bharti Airtel (90%)
2 Moov Africa Gabon Telecom GSM-900 MHz 1.648 (June 2018) [57] Maroc Telecom (51%),
Gabonese government (49%)

Gambia[edit]

In 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 85.53% over a population estimate of 1.77 million.

The telecom regulator in Gambia is Public Utilities Regulatory Authority (PURA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Africell GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA

LTE

1.30 (Jan 2015) [citation needed] Africell Gambia LTD
2 Comium GSM-900/1800 (GPRS) 0.25 (2012) [citation needed] Comium Group
3 Gamcel GSM-900 0.24 (2012) [citation needed] Gambia Telecommunications Cellular Company Ltd
4 Qcell GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA		 0.115 (2012) [citation needed] Qcell

Ghana[edit]

In March 2021 the penetration rate was estimated at 133.14% over a population estimate of 31.1 million.[58]

The telecom regulator in Ghana is National Communications Authority (NCA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA

LTE

23.23[58] (March 2021) MTN (97.7%)
2 Vodafone Ghana GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA

LTE

7.537[58] (Q3 2023) Telecel Group (70%)

Government of Ghana (30%)

3 AirtelTigo 8.32 (March 2021) Government of Ghana
4 Glo GSM (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+		 0.78[58] (March 2021) Globacom

Guinea[edit]

In Q4 2015, the penetration rate was estimated at 99.1%[59] over a population estimate of 10.8 million.

The telecom regulator in Guinea is Autorité de Régulation des Postes et Télécommunications (ARPT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Orange GSM-900/1800 MHz 5.24[59] (Q4 2015) Orange S.A. (52.2%)
2 MTN
(formerly Areeba)		 GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+
WiMAX		 3.21[59] (Q4 2015) MTN (75%)
3 Cellcom Guinée GSM-900/1800 MHz
2100 MHz UMTS		 2.14[59] (Q4 2015) Cellcom Telecommunications Ltd[60]
4 Intercel GSM-900 MHz 0.11[59] (Q4 2015) Telecel Guinee SARL
5 Sotelgui GSM-900 MHz 0.16 [citation needed] Telekom Malaysia, government

Guinea-Bissau[edit]

In March 2015 the penetration rate was estimated at 67.0% over a population estimate of 1.75 million.[61]

The telecom regulator in Guinea-Bissau is Autoridade Reguladora Nacional das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação da Guiné Bissau (ARN).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN GSM-900/1800 UMTS

LTE

0.575 (Sep 2014)[38] MTN Group
2 Orange GSM-900/1800

LTE

0.477 (Dec 2013)[62] Orange S.A. (52.2%)
3 Guinetel GSM-900 not available Guinea Telecom

Iran[edit]

In December 2020 the penetration rate was estimated at 151.91% over a population estimate of 80 million.

The telecom regulator in Iran is Communications Regulatory Authority of Iran سازمان تنظيم مقررات و ارتباطات رادیویی (CRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers[63]
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Hamrahe Aval GSM 900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100/900 MHz (HSPA, DC-HSPA+)
1800/2600/2100/900 MHz (LTE, LTE-A), (VoLTE, VoWiFi) 		68 (Q4 2020) Telecommunication Company of Iran
2 Irancell GSM 900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100/900 MHz (HSPA, DC-HSPA+)
1800/2600/2100/900 MHz (LTE, LTE-A), (VoLTE) 		55 (Q4 2020) Iran Electronic Development Company (51%)
MTN Group (49%)
3 RighTel 2100/900 MHz (HSPA, DC-HSPA+)
1800 MHz (LTE)		 2.5 (Q1 2018) Social Security Investment Company

Iraq[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 74.2% over a population estimate of 30.4 million.[64]

The telecom regulator in Iraq is Communications and Media Commission هيئة الإعلام والإتصالات (CMC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Zain GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE, 3G)

LTE

14.9[9] (July 2020) Zain Group (71.67%)
2 Asia Cell GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 13.3[65] (Q2 2020) Ooredoo (30%)
3 Korek GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, HSPA) Not Yet Available Korek Telecom Ltd.
4 Omnnea CDMA Not Yet Available Omnnea
5 Itisaluna CDMA 2000 1x & EVDO-450,800,1900 MHz Not Yet Available Itisaluna

Israel[edit]

In 2018 the penetration rate was estimated at 111% over a population estimate of over 10 million.

The telecom regulator in Israel is Ministry of Communications משרד התקשורת (MOC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
Mobile Network Operators
1 Cellcom GSM-1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
850/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA
700/1800/2600 MHz LTE
3500 MHz 5G NR		 3.641[66] (Q3 2020) DIC (41.77%), Public (58.23%)
2 Partner GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
700/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE
3500 MHz 5G NR
Radio network shared with Hot Mobile		 2.760[67] (Q3 2020) S.B. Israel Telecom (30.4%), exclusive Israeli shareholders (5%), Public (64.6%)
3 Pelephone 850/2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
700/1800/2600 MHz LTE
3500 MHz 5G NR		 2.406[68] (Q3 2020) Bezeq
4 Hot Mobile 800 MHz iDEN
900/2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
700/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE
3500 MHz 5G NR
Radio network shared with Partner (other than iDEN)		 N/A HOT
5 Golan Telecom GSM-1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
1800 MHz LTE
3500 MHz 5G NR		 N/A ELCO Group
6 XFONE 1800 MHz LTE N/A Marathon Telecom Ltd
Mobile Virtual Network Operators
7 Rami Levy
(using Pelephone)		 CDMA2000 EV-DO, UMTS, DC-HSPA+, LTE N/A Rami Levy Hashikma Marketing
8 HomeCellular
(using Cellcom)		 GSM, GPRS, EDGE, UMTS, HSPA, LTE N/A
9 019 Mobile
(using Partner)		 GSM, GPRS, EDGE, UMTS, DC-HSPA+, LTE N/A
10 Cellact
(using Pelephone)		 CDMA2000 EV-DO, UMTS, DC-HSPA+, LTE N/A Cellact Communication

Jordan[edit]

In March 2016 the penetration rate was estimated at 140% over a population estimate of 14.09 million.[69]

The telecom regulator in Jordan is Telecommunications Regulatory Commission هيئة تنظيم قطاع الاتصالات (TRC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Zain Jordan GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+, LTE		 4.94[69] (Q1 2016) Zain Group
2 Orange Jordan GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+, LTE		 4.59[69] (Q1 2016) Orange S.A.
3 Umniah GSM-1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+, LTE		 4.55[69] (Q1 2016) Batelco

Kenya[edit]

The country has 40.8 million subscribers in total, or a 76.9% penetration rate.[70] (Jan 2018)

The telecom regulator in Kenya is Communications Authority of Kenya (CAK).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Safaricom GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
WiMAX
800/1800 MHz LTE		 42[71] (2023) Vodacom (35%)
Govt of Kenya (35%)
Vodafone Group plc (5%)
Public Float (25%)
2 Airtel Kenya
(formerly Zain)		 GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+

LTE

18[72] (2023) Bharti Airtel (80%)
3 Telkom Kenya
(formerly Orange)		 GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+

LTE

3[72] (2023) Government of Kenya[72]
4 Jamii Telecommunications (Faiba 4G) LTE-700 MHz Jamii Telecommunications Limited

Kuwait[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 164.7% over a population estimate of 2.6 million.[73]

The telecom regulator in Kuwait is the Communication and Information Technology Regulatory Authority (CITRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Zain GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+
1800 MHz LTE		 2.6 (Sep 2014)[9] Zain Group
2 Ooredoo
(formerly Wataniya)		 GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA
1800 MHz LTE		 2.394[65] (Q2 2014) Ooredoo (52.5%)
3 Saudi Telecom Company (formerly Viva Kuwait) GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
1800 MHz LTE		 1.106[when?][citation needed] STC (26%)

Lebanon[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 65.9% over a population estimate of 4.1 million.[74]

The telecom regulator in Lebanon is Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 touch GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+
800/1800 MHz LTE, LTE-A		 2.4 (Sep 2014)[9] government - management contract: Zain Group
2 Alfa GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+
800/1800 MHz LTE, LTE-A		 1.8[75] (2014) government - management contract: Orascom Telecom

Lesotho[edit]

In 2016 the penetration rate was estimated at 86% over a population estimate of 2.2 million.[76]

The telecom regulator in Lesotho is Lesotho Communications Authority (LCA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Vodacom GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA
LTE
WiMAX		 1.449[77] (2016) Vodacom (80%), Sekha-Metsi Consortium (20%)
2 Econet Telecom Lesotho GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS HSDPA		 0.448[77] (2016) Econet Ezi Cel Lesotho (Pty)

Liberia[edit]

At the end of 2013, the penetration rate was estimated at 68.3% over a population estimate of 3.8 million.[78]

The telecom regulator in Liberia is Liberia Telecommunications Authority (LTA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Lonestar Cell MTN GSM-900 1.299 (Sep 2014)[38] MTN (60%)
2 Orange GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+
1800 MHz LTE		 0.997[78] (end 2013) Orange Côte d'Ivoire
(formerly owned by Cellcom Telecommunications)
3 Novafone
(formerly Comium)		 GSM-900 (GPRS)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+		 0.236[78] (end 2013) Comium Services BVI
4 LTC Mobile ? 0.005[78] (still active) Liberia Telecommunications Corporation

Libya[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 169.74% over a population estimate of 6.6 million.[79]

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Libyana GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE),
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSPA+, 4G, LTE, LTE-A, 5G(testing)		 6.2[80] (December 2019) State-owned via GPTC
2 Almadar Aljadid GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE),
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSPA+,

4G, LTE, LTE-A, 5G(testing)

5.0[81] (December 2019) State-owned via GPTC

Madagascar[edit]

In 2014 the penetration rate was estimated at 42% (9.7 million) over a population estimate of 23 million.[82]

The telecom regulator in Madagascar is Autorité de Régulation des Technologies de Communication (ARTEC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Airtel GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+

LTE

2.56 (April 2013)[83] Bharti Airtel
2 Telma Mobile CdmaOne
GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA

LTE

1.98 (April 2013) Distacom Group, Telma SA, Hiridjee group
3 Orange GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)

LTE

1.85 (April 2013) Orange S.A. (40.01%)
4 Blueline LTE N/A Gulfsat

Malawi[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 19.32% over a population estimate of 15.9 million.[84]

The telecom regulator in Malawi is Malawi Communications Regulatory Authority (MACRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Airtel
(formerly Zain)		 GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+

LTE

3.5 (September 2015) [85] Bharti Airtel
2 TNM GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA

LTE

2 (July 2013) [86] Malawi Telecommunications Limited, Telekom Malaysia
3 MTL (Malawi Telecommunications Limited)

LTE-1800

Press Corporation, NICO, Malawi Government
4 Access GSM-900, LTE-800 0.1
5 G-Mobile
(license revoked [87])		 GSM Globally Advanced Integrated Networks,[88] Beryl (South Africa)
6 Lacell GSM La Cell Private Limited[89]
7 G-Expresso GSM Expresso Telecom Group Limited[89]

Mali[edit]

The country had 20.2 million subscribers in total (end 2016), or a 113% penetration rate.[90]

The telecom regulator in Mali is Autorité Malienne de Régulation des Télécommunications/TIC et des Postes (AMRTP).[91]

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Orange[92] GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+		 13.1 (end 2016) Orange S.A. 52.2%
2 Moov Africa Malitel[93] GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA		 7.1 (end 2016) Maroc Telecom 51%, local investors 20%, government 19%, staff 10%[94]
3 Planor GSM licensed in Jan 2012 Planor (support of Monaco Telecom)

Mauritania[edit]

At the end 2020 the penetration rate was estimated at 101% over a population estimate of 4 million.[95]

The telecom regulator in Mauritania is Autorité de Régulation (ARE).[96]

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Moov Mauritel GSM-850 MHz,900 MHz,1800 MHz,1900 MHz UMTS,HSPA+,4G/LTE 2.600 (Dec 2020)[citation needed] Maroc Telecom (51.5%)
2 Chinguitel GSM-850 MHz,900 MHz,1800 MHz,1900 MHz,CDMA,UMTS,HSPA+ 1.40 (May 2008) Sudatel (60%)
3 MATTEL GSM- 850 MHz,900 MHz,1800 MHz,1900 MHz,UMTS,HSPA+,4G/LTE Not Yet Available Tunisie Telecom (51%), Mauritanian Investors (49%)

Mauritius[edit]

The telecom regulator in Mauritius is Information and Communication Technologies Authority of Mauritius (ICTA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Mauritius Telecom GSM-900 (EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA
1800 MHz LTE		 0.628[29] (Dec 2009) Orange S.A. (40%)| Government of Mauritius (33.49%)| SBM Investments Managers Ltd (19%)| National Pensions Fund (6.55%)| Employees of Mauritius Telecom (0.96%)
2 Emtel GSM-900 (EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA
1800 MHz LTE		 0.437[97] (Dec 2009) MIC (50%), Currimjee
3 CHiLi CdmaOne, EvDo, GSM, UMTS 0.318 (March 2019) Mahanagar Telephone Mauritius Limited (MTML)

Morocco[edit]

The country has 55.873 million subscribers in total, or a 150.92% penetration rate.[98] (December 2023)

The telecom regulator in Morocco is Agence Nationale de Réglementation des Telecommunications (ANRT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Maroc Telecom GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA,
800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 		19.717 (December 2023) Etisalat (53%), Government Morocco (22%)
2 Orange Morocco GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, DC HSDPA,
800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A		 18.149 (December 2023) Orange S.A. (49%),
FinanceCom+CDG (51%)
3 inwi GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+,

800/1800/2600 MHz, LTE, LTE-A

18.006 (December 2023) Zain Group (31%)

Mozambique[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 27.19% over a population estimate of 22.95 million.[99]

The telecom regulator in Mozambique is Instituto Nacional das Comunicações de Moçambique (INCM).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Tmcel GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA		 5.3[100][when?] Partially state-owned
2 Vodacom GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA		 4.3[41] (Mar 2014) Vodacom (85%)
3 Movitel GSM 2[101] (May 2013) Viettel (70%), SPI (30%)[102]

Namibia[edit]

In December 2016 Namibia had 2.66 million active SIM cards.[103]

The telecom regulator in Namibia is Communications Regulatory Authority of Namibia (CRAN).[104]

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTC[105] GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSUPA, HSPA+
1800 MHz LTE		 2.422 (Dec 2016) Namibia Post and Telecommunications Holdings (66%)
Portugal Telecom (34%)
2 TN Mobile[106]
(formerly Cell One, Leo)		 GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA

LTE

0.187 (Dec 2016) Telecom Namibia Ltd.

Niger[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 20.63% over a population estimate of 16.5 million.

The telecom regulator is Autorité de Régulation des Télécommunications et de la Poste (ARTP).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Airtel GSM-900 1.31 (June 2009) Bharti

Airtel

2 Niger Telecoms GSM-900 2.5 (Q1 2012) Sahel-Com, Lap Green overtaken by government[107]
3 Zamani Telecom GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA		 0.462[29] (Dec 2009) Zamani Com
4 Moov Africa Niger GSM-900 Not Yet Available Maroc Telecom

Nigeria[edit]

The telecom regulator in Nigeria is Nigerian Communications Commission.

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA

LTE

74.04 [108] (May 2021) MTN (41.5%)
2 Airtel
(formerly Zain)		 GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+

LTE

50.02 [109] (May 2021) Bharti Airtel (20.6%)
3 Glo Mobile GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA

LTE

49.78 [110] (May 2021) Globacom (20.78%)
4 9mobile
(formerly Etisalat)		 GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+

LTE

12.84 [110] (May 2021) Etisalat, Mubadala, Nigerian Investors (15.60%)

Oman[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 142.19% over a population estimate of 3 million.[111]

The telecom regulator in Oman is Telecommunications Regulatory Authority هيئة تنظيم الاتصالات (TRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Omantel GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+
1800 MHz FD-LTE, 2300 MHz TD-LTE		 2.72[112] (Dec 2013) Omantel (99%)
2 Ooredoo
(formerly Nawras)		 GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
800/1800 MHz FD-LTE, 2300 MHz TD-LTE		 2.472[65] (Q2 2014) Ooredoo (55%)

Palestine[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 97.5% over a population estimate of 2.5 million.[113]

The telecom regulator in Palestine is Palestinian Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (PTRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Jawwal GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)

2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+

2.45[114] (Q1 2012) Paltel
2 Ooredoo GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)

2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+

0.679[65] (Q2 2014) Ooredoo (57%), Palestine Investment Fund (43%)

Qatar[edit]

As of Q3 2022, Qatar had 4.5 million active mobile subscribers in total.[115]

The telecom regulator in Qatar is Communications Regulatory Authority (CRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Ooredoo
(formerly Qtel)		 GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+
800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A		 2.5[115] (Q3 2022) Ooredoo
2 Vodafone GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA
800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A		 2.0[115] (Q3 2022) Qatar Foundation LLC (50%), Pension Fund (13.05%), free float (36.95%)

La Réunion[edit]

This French overseas territory has ? million subscribers in total, or a 74.7% penetration rate.[116] (2008)

The telecom regulator in La Réunion is Autorité de Régulation des Communications Electroniques et des Postes (ARCEP).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 SFR GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+

LTE

Not Yet Available SFR
2 Orange GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+

LTE

Not Yet Available Orange
3 FREE GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA		 Not Yet Available fr: ILIAD and TELCO OI

Rwanda[edit]

In December 2013 the penetration rate was estimated at 63.5% over a population estimate of 11.4 million.[117]

The telecom regulator in Rwanda is Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Agency (RURA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN Rwanda GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+

LTE

3.65[118] (Dec 2017) MTN Group (55%), Crystal Telecom (35%)
2 Airtel GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+
LTE		 ~5.00 [118] (Dec 2017) Bharti Airtel
- Rwandatel CdmaOne
GSM-900/1800
2100 MHz UMTS		 [119] (license revoked Apr 2011) LAP Green Networks (80%)

Saint Helena[edit]

Main article: Communications in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha

As of the 2021 census, 73.7% of households reported having access to at least one mobile phone, and 66.0% reported having access to the internet.[120]

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Sure GSM-900

LTE 1800 MHz[121]

Not Yet Available Batelco

São Tomé and Príncipe[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 57.94% over a population estimate of 0.18 million.[122]

The telecom regulator in São Tomé and Príncipe is Autoridade Geral de Regulação (AGER).[123]

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 CST[124] GSM-900 UMTS[125] 0.078[23] (September 2009) Portugal Telecom (51%)

Saudi Arabia[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 162.6% over a population estimate of 26.1 million.[126]

The telecom regulator in Saudi Arabia is Communications and Information Technology Commission هيئة الاتصالات وتقنية المعلومات (CITC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 stc 2G :GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
3G :900/2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
4G FD-LTE :700/1800/2100 MHz
4G TD-LTE :2300 MHz

5G NR:3500 MHz

19.914[127] (Q3 2010) 70% state owned and 30% private[citation needed]
2 Mobily 2G : GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
3G :900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+
4G TD-LTE:2600 MHz
4G FD-LTE:800/1800/2100 MHz		 15.06[127] (Q3 2010) Etisalat (27.45%)
3 Zain 2G:GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
3G:900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+
4G FD-LTE:800/900/1800/2100 MHz LTE, LTE-A		 11.40 (Dec 2015) Zain Group (37%)
4 Virgin mobile KSA GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
1800 MHz FD-LTE, 2300 MHz TD-LTE		 2.8 (2017)[128]
5 Lebara Mobile KSA GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+
1800 MHz FD-LTE, 2600 MHz TD-LTE		 Lebara

Senegal[edit]

At the end of December 2015 the penetration rate was estimated at 110,74%, over a population estimate of 13,5 millions.[129]

The telecom regulator in Senegal is Autorité de Régulation des Télécommunications et des Postes (ARTP).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Orange GSM-900
2100 MHz UMTS

LTE

9.936[129] (31 Dec 2015) Sonatel, Orange S.A. (52.2%)
2 Free GSM-900
UMTS, HSPA+

LTE

3.355[129] (31 Dec 2015) Teyliom, NJJ and AXIAN [130]
3 Expresso CDMA
GSM-900/1800
UMTS		 3.188[129] (31 Dec 2015) Sudatel
4 Hayo Telecom CDMA
GSM-900/1800
UMTS		 0.483[129] (31 Dec 2015) CSU

Seychelles[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 245% over a population estimate of 0.09 million.[131]

The telecom regulator in Seychelles is Department of Information Communications Technology (ICT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Airtel GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA

LTE

0.065[132] Bharti Airtel
2 Cable & Wireless GSM-900 MHz Not Yet Available Cable & Wireless

Sierra Leone[edit]

The country has 0.8 million subscribers in total, or a 13.23% penetration rate.[133] (2007)

The telecom regulator in Sierra Leone is National Telecommunications Commission (NATCOM).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Africell GSM-900
UMTS		 2.9[134] (Feb 2015) Lintel Limited
2 Orange GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA

LTE

0.644[135] (Feb 2012) Orange[17]
3 Sierratel CDMA Not Yet Available government, managed by MDIC[136]
4 Qcell GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA		 Qcell
Comium GSM-900/1800
WiMAX		 0.650[137] (2009) Comium licence revoked since October 2014,[138] while NATCOM managers have been sacked in 2015[139]
GreenN GSM Not Yet Available Ambitel (LapGreen) licence revoked since September 2014[140]

Somalia[edit]

As of 2009, dial up internet services in Somalia were among the fastest developing in the region, with an annual landline growth rate of over 12.5%. Internet via satellite also had a steady growth rate of 10% to 15% per year.[141]

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Hormuud GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+

LTE

2.38[142] (Q4 2015) Hormuud Telecom Somalia Inc
2 Telcom Somalia GSM
2100 MHz UMTS

LTE

1.00[142] (Q4 2015) Haatif Telecom Somalia
3 Telesom Mobile GSM
2100 MHz UMTS		 0.80[142] (Q4 2015) Telesom Group
4 Nationlink GSM-900 0.71[142] (Q4 2015) Bintel
5 Somtel GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA

LTE

0.46[142] (Q4 2015) Dahabshiil
6 Golis Telecom Somalia GSM-900 0.24[142] (Q4 2015) Golis Telecom Somalia, Gaani Wireless
7 Somafone GSM-900 0.20[142] (Q4 2015) Somali Telecom Group
8 Netco GSM-900 Not Yet Available Somali Telecom Group
9 SomNet[143][144] GSM-900
LTE		 Not Yet Available SomNet Telecom

South Africa[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 99.6% over a population estimate of 49 million.[145]

The telecom regulator in South Africa is Independent Communications Authority of South Africa (ICASA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Vodacom GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
1800 MHz LTE

5G 3500 MHz
WiMAX

39.433[146] (August 2020) Vodacom (65.1%)
2 MTN GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
1800 MHz LTE

5G 3500 MHz

29.028[147] (August 2020) MTN Group
3 Cell C GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
1800/2100 MHz LTE, LTE-A		 14.407[148] (Mar 2020) Oger Telecom in process of diluting it's 70% stake to 27%

Blue Label Telecoms is planning to acquire a 30% stake in Cell C[149]

4 Telkom GSM-1800 (GPRS)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+

2300 MHz LTE

4.0[150] (March 2017) Telkom
5 Rain 1800 MHz LTE

5G 3500 MHz

Rain (formerly Wireless Business Solutions) 80%

ARC 20%

South Sudan[edit]

The country has 1 million subscribers in total, or an 8% penetration rate.[151]

The telecom regulator in South Sudan is Ministry of Telecommunication and Postal Services (MOTPS).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN GSM-900/1800  MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA		 0.787[38] (Sep 2014) MTN Group
2 Zain GSM (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+		 0.664[9] (Sep 2014) Zain Group
3 Sudani GSM (GPRS)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA		 Not Yet Available Sudatel[not operationally active]
4 Vivacell (NOW) GSM-900/1800  MHz Not Yet Available Fattouch Investment Group (75%), Wawat Securities (25%)[152]
5 Gemtel GSM-900/1800 MHz Not Yet Available Lap Green Networks (80%)

Sudan[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 42.3% over a population estimate of 45 million.[153]

The telecom regulator in Sudan is National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Zain GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+, LTE		 11.095[9] (Sep 2014) Zain Group
2 MTN GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, LTE		 8.474[38] (Sep 2014) MTN Group (85%)
3 Sudani CDMA
GSM-1800 MHz (GPRS)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA		 Not Yet Available Sudatel
4 Canar CdmaOne Not Yet Available Bank of Khartoum (100%)

Eswatini[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 49.55% over a population estimate of 1.37 million.[154]

The telecom regulator in Swaziland is Swaziland Communications Commission (SCCom).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA

LTE

0.928 (Sep 2014)[38] MTN Group (30%)
2 Eswatini Mobile LTE Not Yet Available

Syrian Arab Republic[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 46.6% over a population estimate of 22.5 million.[155]

The telecom regulator in Syrian Arab Republic is Syrian Telecommunication Regulatory Authority (SyTRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN
(formerly Areeba)		 GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, LTE 		5.676 (Sep 2014)[38] MTN Group (39%)
2 Syriatel GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+, LTE		 7.1 [156] (Aug 2014) Rami Makhlouf

Tanzania (United Republic of)[edit]

In March 2020 the penetration rate was estimated at 86% [157] over a population estimate of 51 million.

The telecom regulator in Tanzania is Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority (TCRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Vodacom GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+

LTE

15.59 [157] (March 2020) Vodacom (75%)
2 Airtel
(formerly Zain)		 GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+

LTE

13.39 [157] (March 2020) Bharti Airtel

(51%)

3 Tigo GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
LTE		 12.64 [157] (March 2020) MIC
4 Halotel GSM
UMTS

LTE

5.5 Viettel Tanzania Limited (Subsidiary of Viettel Group[158][159])
5 Zantel GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+		 0.93 [157] (March 2020) Etisalat (51%) and Zanzibar Telecom Ltd

Togo[edit]

In June 2014 the penetration rate was estimated at 60.7% over a population estimate of 7.2 million.[160]

The telecom regulator in Togo is Autorité de Règlementation des secteurs de Postes et de Télécommunications (ARTP).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Togocel GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+		 2.751 (Q4 2014) [citation needed] Togo Telecom (state owned)
2 Moov Africa Togo GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 1.648 (Q4 2014) [citation needed] Maroc Telecom

Tunisia[edit]

The country has 14.7 million subscribers in total, or about 125.6% penetration rate.[161] (Q3 2017)

The telecom regulator in Tunisia is Instance Nationale des Télécommunications (INT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Ooredoo
(formerly Tunisiana)		 GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+

LTE

8,836,544 [161] (Q3 2017) Ooredoo (75%)
2 Tunisie Telecom GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+

LTE

4,462,998 [161] (Q3 2017) Tunisie Télécom Group (65%),
Tecom DIG (35%) [162]
3 Orange GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+

LTE

3,907,791 [161] (Q3 2017) Orange S.A., Divona

Turkey[edit]

Further information: List of Turkey mobile virtual network operators

Turkey has 91.3 million subscribers in total, or a 107.1% penetration rate.[163] (Q2 2023)

The telecom regulator in Turkey is Information and Communication Technologies Authority (BTK : Bilgi Teknolojileri ve Iletisim Kurumu).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Turkcell GSM 900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+, 3C-HSDPA
800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro
VoLTE, VoWiFi
5G (testing)		 37.64 (Q2 2023)[163] Turkey Wealth Fund (26.2%), LetterOne (19.8%), free float (54%)
2 Vodafone
(Formerly Telsim)		 GSM 900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+
800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro
VoLTE, VoWiFi
5G (testing)		 24.890 (Q3 2024)[163] Vodafone Group plc
3 Türk Telekom
(Formerly Avea, Aria, Aycell)		 GSM 900 (only in rural areas)/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+
800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro
VoLTE, VoWiFi
5G (testing)		 25.61 (Q2 2023)[163] Türk Telekom

Uganda[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 30.78% over a population estimate of 34.6 million.[164]

The telecom regulator in Uganda is Uganda Communications Commission (UCC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN Uganda CDMA
GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
2600 MHz TD-LTE
WiMAX		 10.181[38] (September 2014) MTN Group (96%)
2 Airtel Uganda GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+		 4.6 [165] (April 2013) Bharti Airtel
3 UTel CdmaOne
GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA		 1.0 (July 2016) Uganda Telecommunications Corporation Limited
4 Smile Telecom (Uganda)
5 Lycamobile

United Arab Emirates[edit]

As of June 2023, the total number of active mobile subscriptions was 20.3 million.[166]

The telecom regulator in United Arab Emirates is Telecommunications Regulatory Authority الهيئة العامة لتنظيم قطاع الاتصالات (TRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Etisalat GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
900 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
800/1800/2100/2600/3500 MHz LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR 		10.8[167] (July 2019) UAE Federal Government (40%) and public shareholders (60%)
2 du GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+
800/1800/2100/2600/3500 MHz LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR		 7.9[168] (2022) UAE Federal Government (39.5%), Mubadala Development Company (19.75%), TECOM Investments (19.5%), and public shareholders (21.25%)

Yemen[edit]

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 38.4% over a population estimate of 24.1 million.[169] Because of unreliable coverage of mobile services in certain areas, particularly in rural areas, it is common for Yemenis to utilize a phone with Dual SIM capability.

The telecom regulator in Yemen is the Public Telecommunication Corporation.

Rank Operator Mobile Prefix Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Yemen Mobile +967-77 CDMA2000/1xEVDO-RevA (800 MHz)
4G LTE FDD: Bands 3, 20, 28 (700/800/1800 MHz)[170]		 9.5 (2021)[171] Government-run company with shareholders.
2 Sabafon +967-71 GSM 900 MHz 6 (2021)[172] Al-Ahmar Group
Batelco
Hayel Saeed Anam & Co. Ltd.
Consolidated Constructors International company S.A.L. (CCC)
3 YOU
(formerly Spacetel, MTN)		 +967-73 GSM 900 MHz 4.7 (2021)[173] Emerald International Investment, a subsidiary of the Zubair Corporation [174]
4 Y Telecom (formerly HiTS-UNITEL) +967-70 GSM 900 MHz Unknown Formerly, owned by Saudi and Kuwaiti corporations. Currently owned by the family of Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi[175]

Zambia[edit]

In December 2011 the penetration rate was estimated at 62% over a population estimate of 13.9 million.[176]

The telecom regulator in Zambia is Zambia Information & Communications Technology Authority (ZICTA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+

LTE

4.447[38] (Sep 2014) MTN Group
2 Airtel GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+

LTE

4.04[177] (May 2014) Bharti Airtel (78.88%)
3 Zamtel GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+		 1.2 (Dec 2011)[citation needed] Zambia Telecommunications Company Ltd

Zimbabwe[edit]

In December 2011 the penetration rate was estimated at 74.7% to 9.037 million subscribers.[178]

The telecom regulator in Zimbabwe is Postal and Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Zimbabwe (POTRAZ).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Econet GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA
1800 MHz LTE
WiMAX		 5.686[179] (February 2012) Econet Wireless (Private) Limited
2 telecel GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA		 1.875 [179] (February 2012) VimpelCom Ltd (60%)
3 NetOne GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA
1800 MHz LTE		 1.456[179] (February 2012) NetOne Cellular (Pvt) Ltd (government)

See also[edit]

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  175. ^ "آثار الصراع على قطاع الاتصالات في اليمن". مركز صنعاء للدراسات الإستراتيجية (in Arabic). 11 January 2021. Retrieved 7 June 2022.
  176. ^ "ZICTA - Zambia Information & Communications Technology Authority". zicta.zm.
  177. ^ Matthew Hill (21 May 2014). "MTN Group Zambia Subscribers Exceed Bharti Airtel for First Time". Bloomberg. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
  178. ^ "Chronicle". The Postal and Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Zimbabwe (Potraz). Retrieved 16 February 2012.
  179. ^ a b c "The Chronicle | Bulawayo's most popular daily newspaper". chronicle.co.zw.
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